CONCEPTS AND SKILLS
LIST FOR ADVANCED PLACEMENT CHEMISTRY
You should
have a thorough understanding
of the topics in bold
and marked with
an asterisk (*).
You are not expected to be an “expert” on the other topics, however, you
should be familiar with everything and be able to work through simple problems.
Some text reference sections may include more
information than the concept listed below. You are not responsible for anything
other than the concepts and skills listed.
Click on the
topic for a review page for that topic!
| Concept or Skill |
What You Should Know |
Text Reference |
| * Calculator Use |
Know how to perform
basic operations, logs, natural logs, exponentiation.
A
graphing
calculator,
while not required, will come in handy and save you from creating manual
graphs |
Your calculator’s manual |
| * Algebra |
Calculate
with substitutions, solving for any variable in an equation, quadratic
formula.
Use
scientific notation, including rules for operations in scientific
notation. |
Algebra Textbook
Appendix 1
|
| *
SI Measurements |
Base
units for length, mass, volume, temperature, pressure, energy.
Know
SI prefixes and their value. |
1.3, Appendix 6, 1.7 |
| *
Significant Figures |
Rules
for determining sig figs in a number.
Rules
for calculations with sig figs. |
1.5 |
| *
Dimensional Analysis |
Use
dimensional analysis to convert between metric units.
Use
dimensional analysis to do other calculations with
units.
Pressure
Converter
|
1.6, 5.1 |
| *
Density |
Know
the components of density and how to determine density, mass, or volume
using the formula for density.
Know
the units for density of solids and liquids, and the units for
density
of gases.
|
1.8, 5.4 |
| Properties of Matter |
Know and differentiate the
classifications of matter (pure substance, mixture, etc.).
Know
and describe the states of matter (solid, liquid, etc.) in terms of
intermolecular forces and the
Kinetic Molecular
Theory.
Differentiate between
physical and chemical changes.
|
1.9, 5.6, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3,
10.7 |
| Atomic Theory |
Know the basics of
Dalton’s atomic theory.
Know the contributions of
Thomson, Millikan, Rutherford, and Bohr to the structure of the atom.
|
2.3, 2.4, 7.4 |
| Atomic Structure |
*
Know the basic structure
of the atom, including isotopes.
*
Know how to find atomic number and atomic mass for an element.
Know
how the average atomic mass for an element is
calculated.
Know how to determine an
electron configuration for an element
.
|
2.5, 3.
1, 7.11 |
| Molecules & Compounds |
Know how molecules are
formed from atoms.
*
Calculate the molar mass
of a compound.
Calculate
the percent composition of elements in a compound.
Differentiate
between covalent and ionic bonds.
Use
bond polarity to predict whether a bond is covalent, polar, or
ionic.
*
Write a Lewis structure
for simple molecules.
Describe the six basic
molecular shapes using VSEPR
theory.
|
2.6, 3.3, 3.4, 8.1, 8.3,
8.10, 8.11, 8.13 |
| Ions |
*
Know the most common
monoatomic and polyatomic anions and
cations. (Nitrate, sulfate,
phosphate, carbonate, hydroxide, ammonium, etc.)
Predict
the charge on an ion
formed from a neutral atom.
Determine the electron configuration of an
ion.
|
2.6, 8.4 |
| Periodic Table |
*
Know the organization of
the periodic table.
Know what electronegativity
is and its trend in the periodic
table.
|
2.7, 8.2 |
| *
Naming |
Know
how to name covalent (molecular) and
ionic
compounds.
Know
how to name acids.
|
2.8 |
| *
Formulas |
Know how to write the
formulas of ionic and covalent
compounds. |
2.8 |
| *
Moles |
Know
the value of Avogadro’s
number.
Convert
between moles and grams and between moles and
particles.
|
3.2 |
| * Chemical Equations |
Write and balance a
chemical equation for a specific reaction. |
3.6, 3.7 |
| * Stoichiometry |
Know how to do simple
mole – mole, mole – mass, and mole – volume calculations. |
3.8, 5.4 |
| Molarity |
Know
the components of molarity and
how to determine
molarity, moles, or
volume using the formula for molarity. |
4.3 |
| Chemical Reactions |
Recognize and predict
products
for single and double replacement reactions, including
precipitation and neutralization reactions.
Recognize
combustion reactions.
Use
solubility rules to predict a compound’s solubility in water.
Write net ionic
equations
for double replacement reactions.
|
4.5, 4.6 |
| Gases |
Be able to use
Boyle’s,
Charles’s and Avogadro’s laws.
*
Be able to use the Ideal
Gas Law.
Know
the value of R (universal gas constant) in atmospheres.
Solve
simple problems using Dalton’s Law of Partial
Pressures.
Use Graham’s Law to solve
simple effusion and diffusion problems.
|
5.2, 5.3
5.5, 5.
7
|
| Thermochemistry |
Know the terms endothermic
and exothermic.
Know the difference between
kinetic and potential energy.
|
6.1 |
| Acids and Bases |
Describe Arrhenius and
Bronsted-Lowry acids and
bases.
Be
familiar with the pH scale as it pertains to acidic, neutral, and basic
solutions.
*
Calculate pH and pOH
from
hydrogen or hydroxide ion concentrations.
|
14.1, 14.2, 14.3 |
|
